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OpenSSH Server: Setting Up and Managing SSH Services
OpenSSH Server is a software package that provides secure, encrypted communication with remote systems using the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol. This package primarily includes the 'sshd' daemon, enabling remote logins, file transfers (SCP, SFTP), and tunneling. It is essential for system administrators to manage servers remotely and for users to securely access files.
openssl-ciphers: Managing SSL/TLS Cipher List
The openssl-ciphers command is used to display and manage the list of SSL/TLS ciphers supported by the OpenSSL library. It is useful for checking the list of ciphers for a specific protocol version (e.g., SSLv3, TLSv1.2) or for validating and interpreting a cipher string.
ping Command Guide: Checking Network Connectivity
`ping` is a utility used to test whether a host can be reached over an IP network. By sending ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo request packets to the target host and waiting for a response, it measures the network connection status, packet loss rate, and round-trip time (RTT). It is one of the most basic tools for network troubleshooting.
route: IP Routing Table Management
The route command is used to view and manipulate the IP routing table in the Linux kernel. It defines the paths that network packets should follow to reach their destinations and provides functionalities such as adding/deleting static routes and setting the default gateway.
Mastering the scp Command
This guide covers the `scp` command, which uses the Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) to securely copy files between local and remote hosts on Linux. This tool allows you to easily and securely transfer files over the network.
sftp: Secure File Transfer Tool
The `sftp` command is an interactive command-line client for securely transferring files over SSH (Secure Shell). Unlike `ftp`, it encrypts all communications, providing superior security, and is used to upload, download, and manage files between a local and a remote server.
socat: A Versatile Data Relay Tool
socat is a versatile relay tool that establishes bidirectional data streams between two independent entities. It can transfer data between various types of sources and destinations, including files, pipes, devices, TCP, UDP, and SSL, making it extremely useful for complex network tasks such as network tunneling, port forwarding, and socket communication debugging.
ss Command Guide: Checking Socket Statistics (netstat Alternative)
`ss` command (socket statistics) is a powerful and modern utility used to check network socket-related information on Linux systems. It replaces the older `netstat` command, providing faster, more detailed, and efficient socket information. It is an essential tool for monitoring network activities and troubleshooting issues, such as network connection status, listening ports, and routing tables. Use this guide to learn various applications of the `ss` command.
SSH (Secure Shell) Command Guide
SSH (Secure Shell) is a network protocol that allows secure access to remote computers and the execution of commands. It provides data security through encrypted communication and is used for various purposes such as remote server management and file transfer. Use this guide to learn about the main features and usage of SSH.
ssh-add: Add SSH Keys to the Agent
The ssh-add command adds private keys (identities) to the OpenSSH authentication agent (ssh-agent). This allows for automatic authentication during SSH connections without repeatedly entering passwords or passphrases, thereby enhancing security and improving SSH usability.
ssh-agent: SSH Authentication Agent
ssh-agent is a program that loads your private SSH keys into memory and handles authentication for SSH clients when connecting to remote servers, eliminating the need to repeatedly enter passwords or passphrases. This significantly enhances the security and convenience of SSH connections.
ssh-copy-id: Copy SSH Public Key
The ssh-copy-id command is a utility that easily and securely adds your local system's SSH public key to the authorized_keys file on a remote server. This allows you to set up passwordless SSH connections and reduces errors that can occur during manual key copying.