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rev: Reverse a String
The rev command reads lines from standard input or a file, reverses the order of characters in each line, and outputs the result to standard output. It's a simple yet useful utility often used with pipes (|) to manipulate the output of other commands.
sdiff: Compare Two Files Side-by-Side
The sdiff command compares two files in parallel, outputting their differences side-by-side in two columns for easy visual inspection. Unlike the `diff` command, it clearly distinguishes common and differing parts visually.
sed -n: Print Specific Lines Only
sed is a stream editor used for editing text files or text streams passed through a pipe. The '-n' option, in particular, suppresses sed's default behavior of printing all lines (outputting the content of the pattern space) and only prints lines for which a 'p' (print) command is explicitly specified, making it very useful for extracting specific lines. It functions similarly to grep but allows for more complex text transformations and extractions.
sed -f: Process Text with a Script File
sed is a stream editor that reads data from text files or standard input, transforms it according to specified rules, and outputs the result. The -f option allows sed commands to be written into a script file for execution, which helps in efficiently managing complex or repetitive text processing tasks. It is useful for consolidating multiple sed commands into a single file for reusability.
sort -u: Sort with Duplicate Removal
The sort -u command sorts the contents of a text file or standard input and removes duplicate lines, outputting only unique lines. It is very useful for removing duplicates and cleaning up data lists.
sort: Sorting Text Files
The `sort` command is a powerful utility used to sort the contents of text files line by line. It can sort based on various criteria such as alphabetical order, numerical order, and month order. Notably, the `-n` option allows it to recognize numbers as actual numerical values rather than strings, ensuring correct sorting, which is extremely useful for log files or data analysis.
strings: Extracting Strings from Binary Files
The `strings` command is a tool used to extract human-readable text strings from binary files (executables, libraries, etc.). It is useful for debugging programs, analyzing malware, or quickly checking the content of unknown files.
tac: Output file content in reverse
The tac command reads files line by line and outputs them in reverse order, from the last line to the first. It is useful for checking log files or time-ordered data from most recent to oldest, performing the opposite function of the 'cat' command.
tail: Displaying the End of Files and Real-time Monitoring
The tail command is used to display the last part of a file. It is commonly used to check the latest content of log files or to monitor file changes in real-time using the -f option. The -n option is particularly useful for specifying the number of lines to output, allowing you to view only a specific number of the last lines.
tee -a: Append Output to File
The `tee` command reads standard input and writes it to standard output and one or more files simultaneously. The `-a` (append) option, in particular, is used to add new content to the end of a file without overwriting its existing content. This is useful in various scenarios such as log file management and recording script execution results.
tr: Character Translation and Deletion Filter
The `tr` command is a filter command used to translate or delete characters from text received via standard input (stdin). It is particularly useful when used with pipes (|) to process the output of other commands.
uniq: Remove and Count Duplicate Lines
The `uniq` command is used to filter or report lines that are adjacent and identical in a text file or standard input. It's particularly useful with the `-c` option, which prefixes each line with the count of its occurrences, making it valuable for data analysis.