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awk -F: Specify Field Separator
awk is a powerful text-processing tool used to find, process, and manipulate data from files or streams. The `-F` option specifically allows you to define the delimiter used to separate fields in input records, enabling easy parsing of complex data structures and extraction or manipulation of desired fields. This is an essential feature when working with various data formats like CSV and log files.
awk-gsub: Global String Substitution
The `gsub` function within the `awk` command is used for globally substituting all occurrences of a pattern matching a specific regular expression with another string. It is highly useful for batch changes to patterns that appear multiple times in file content or streams.
awk print: Outputting Text Data
A guide to the `print` statement within the `awk` command for outputting data. `print` is one of the core functionalities of `awk` scripts, used to send processed text from files or streams to standard output. It allows for flexible output of specific fields, entire lines, or custom strings.
axel: Download Accelerator
axel is a command-line based download accelerator that supports HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP protocols. It enhances download speeds by using multiple connections simultaneously to download files and provides the functionality to resume interrupted downloads.
base64: Data Encoding/Decoding
The base64 command is used to encode binary data into an ASCII string format, or to decode an encoded string back into binary data. It is commonly used for safely transmitting binary data in email attachments or over the web.
basename: Extract Filename from Path
The basename command removes directory components from a given file path, extracting the pure filename or directory name. It is commonly used in shell scripts when only the filename is needed, returning the last component of the path.
basename-u: Extracting Filenames (basename command)
This document addresses the 'basename-u' command. However, 'basename-u' does not exist in the standard Linux command list. Assuming the user either mistyped 'basename' or is referring to a non-standard script/alias used in a specific environment, this guide provides instructions for the standard 'basename' command. 'basename' is used to remove the directory portion from a given path and extract the pure filename or directory name.
basename-w: Extract Filename from Path (Virtual)
basename-w is a virtual command that extracts the pure filename or the last directory name from a given file path, excluding the directory portion. It is similar to the standard `basename` command but may include processing related to a specific width. This command is not included by default in standard Linux systems.
bash: GNU Bourne-Again SHell
bash is a powerful command-line interpreter used as the default shell on most Linux systems. It provides features like script execution, command history, aliases, and job control, enabling users to interact with the system and automate tasks.
batch: Execute commands when system load is low
The batch command waits until the system's average load drops below 0.8, and then executes the specified commands. This is useful for efficiently using system resources and handling background tasks without interfering with critical operations.
bc: Arbitrary Precision Calculator
`bc` is a command-line arbitrary precision calculator language. It can perform integer and floating-point arithmetic with high accuracy, and supports variables, functions, and conditional statements, making it useful for complex calculations or scripting. It can process input interactively or from files.
bg: Resume suspended jobs in the background
The `bg` command is used to resume jobs that were suspended with `Ctrl+Z` in the background. It is useful when you need to continue a job without occupying the terminal.