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host: DNS Lookup Utility
The host command is a simple command-line utility used to perform DNS lookups, translating hostnames to IP addresses or vice versa. It is primarily used for querying DNS records such as A, AAAA, MX, and NS.
hostname: Manage System Hostname
The hostname command is used to display or set the system's hostname. This name plays a crucial role in identifying and communicating with the system on the network.
htop Command Guide: Enhanced Interactive Process Viewer
`htop` is an interactive process viewer used for monitoring running processes and system resource usage in real-time on Linux systems. It provides a much more user-friendly interface and powerful features compared to the traditional `top` command, making it a widely recommended tool for system performance analysis and troubleshooting. In this guide, you will learn how to install `htop`, its key features, and how to use it effectively.
Mastering the HTTPie Command
`httpie` is a command-line HTTP client that makes interaction with APIs and HTTP servers easy and intuitive. It offers a more user-friendly syntax than `curl`, along with features like automatic JSON support and syntax highlighting. It is primarily used for API testing, debugging, and communicating with web services.
iconv: Character Encoding Conversion
iconv is a powerful command-line utility used to convert text from one character encoding to another. It can process file contents or standard input and supports a wide range of encoding formats.
id: Print User and Group ID Information
The `id` command prints the user ID (UID), group ID (GID), and all supplementary group information for the current logged-in user or a specified user. It is a fundamental command useful for checking user permissions and group memberships.
ifconfig Command Guide: Checking and Configuring Network Interface Information (Legacy)
`ifconfig` command is a utility used to check and configure network interface information in Linux and Unix-like operating systems. It can display IP addresses, MAC addresses, network statistics, and more. **However, the more powerful and flexible `ip` command has replaced `ifconfig` in modern Linux systems, so it is recommended to use the `ip` command.** This guide will help you learn the basic usage of `ifconfig` and understand why you should transition to `ip`.
iftop: Real-time Network Bandwidth Monitoring
iftop is a command-line tool that displays real-time bandwidth usage on a network interface. It visualizes transmitted and received traffic by source/destination IP addresses and ports, making it useful for diagnosing network issues and analyzing usage.
info: Reading Info Documentation
The info command is a viewer for GNU Project's Info documents. It provides more structured and hyperlinked documentation than man pages, making it useful for exploring detailed usage and concepts of software.
init: System Initialization and Process Management
init is the first process executed (PID 1) in traditional Unix and Linux systems, acting as the parent process that manages all other system processes. It is responsible for system startup (booting) and shutdown, and controls the system's operating mode through runlevels. In modern Linux distributions, it is being replaced by systemd.
insmod: Insert Linux Kernel Module
The insmod command is used to insert a loadable kernel module (LKM) into the Linux kernel. It is typically used to load compiled module files, usually with a `.ko` extension, to add new functionality or enable hardware drivers. This command does not automatically resolve module dependencies, so modules with dependencies must be loaded manually first. In most cases, using the `modprobe` command is recommended.
iostat: Report CPU utilization and I/O statistics
iostat is a command that reports CPU utilization and device (disk, partition) input/output statistics in real-time or at specified intervals. It is useful for diagnosing system performance bottlenecks and resolving I/O-related issues.