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read: Reading User Input
The read command reads a single line from standard input (stdin) or a specified file descriptor and stores it in one or more variables. It is commonly used in shell scripting to get user input or process file content. This command is built into most shells, including Bash and Zsh.
readlink Command Guide
`readlink` command is used to output the actual target path of a symbolic link. A symbolic link acts as a pointer to a file or directory, similar to a 'shortcut' in Windows. `readlink` is particularly useful when you need to accurately determine the original path of a symbolic link while scripting.
Guide to the reboot Command: Restarting the System
`reboot` command is used to safely restart a Linux system. It is utilized when applying system updates, troubleshooting issues, or needing to reset the system state. This guide explains the basic usage of `reboot` and highlights the differences with the recommended `systemctl reboot` method in modern Linux systems.
Redirection Guide: Changing Command Input/Output Direction
Redirection in the Linux shell is a feature that changes the direction of a command's standard input/output. It is used to feed the content of a file as input to a command, or to save the output of a command to a file instead of displaying it on the screen. Along with pipes (`|`), it is one of the most fundamental tools for shell scripting and data processing.
rename: Batch Rename Tool for Multiple Files
The `rename` command is used to change the names of multiple files at once using regular expressions. Unlike `mv`, it is very useful for batch modifying filenames based on patterns.
rev: Reverse a String
The rev command reads lines from standard input or a file, reverses the order of characters in each line, and outputs the result to standard output. It's a simple yet useful utility often used with pipes (|) to manipulate the output of other commands.
Mastering the rm Command
The `rm` command is used to delete files or directories. Using it carelessly can lead to data loss that is difficult to recover, so it's essential to understand the meaning of each option and how to use it safely.
rmdir Command Guide: Deleting Empty Directories
`rmdir` command (remove directory) is used in Linux and Unix-like operating systems to delete **only empty directories**. If there are files or other subdirectories within the directory, `rmdir` will produce an error and will not delete it. Through this guide, you will understand the basic usage of `rmdir`, its limitations, and when to use this command.
Mastering the rsync Command
This guide covers the `rsync` command for efficiently synchronizing and backing up files and directories on Linux. It allows for safe and fast incremental copying and synchronization between local and remote systems.
Mastering the scp Command
This guide covers the `scp` command, which uses the Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) to securely copy files between local and remote hosts on Linux. This tool allows you to easily and securely transfer files over the network.
screen: Managing Multiple Terminal Sessions
GNU Screen is a terminal multiplexer that allows you to manage multiple independent shell sessions within a single terminal. It offers powerful features such as maintaining sessions even if network connections drop, performing multiple tasks concurrently, and sharing sessions with other users. It is particularly useful for keeping long-running tasks running safely in the background on servers.
sdiff: Compare Two Files Side-by-Side
The sdiff command compares two files in parallel, outputting their differences side-by-side in two columns for easy visual inspection. Unlike the `diff` command, it clearly distinguishes common and differing parts visually.